Strong acids are acids that can completely dissociate to produce and H+ ions in a solution, like water. The important causes for a strong acid to dissociate is its conjugate base and conductivity. The conjugate bases should be weak. Weak acids only partially dissociate. This happens because the acid cannot conduct electricity or there is an effective base that attracts H+ ions in the solution.
A strong base is a substance that can dissociate in a solution to produce hydroxide ions (OH-). For example, if a solid sodium hydroxide ion (NaOH) dissolves in water, the products should be Na+ and OH- in order to be a strong base. Weak bases will not be able to produce the OH- ion.
As you can see, strong acids and bases are the substances that can split up in a soultion completeley. The weak acids and bases are only able to do that partially.
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